|
Moldova is a republic with three main branches in its government: executive, legislative, and judicial.
In Moldova all the executive powers are only practiced by the government, on the other hand the legislative powers are enjoyed by both the government as well as the parliament. In the governmental system of Moldova judiciary branch is the independent branch, and all of its powers can not be divided between the legislature and the executive branch of government.
The executive branch consists of a president, prime minister, first deputy minister, deputy minister, and a cabinet. The president is elected by Parliament for a four-year term. The president appoints all the different levels of ministers after he takes office. The cabinet is selected by the president as well, however has to be approved by the Parliament. The legislative branch is a unicameral Parliament with 101 seats. The parties and electoral blocs are elected by popular vote to serve a term of four years. The judicial branch is the Supreme Court and a Constitutional Court. The Constitutional Court is the sole authority for constitutional judicature.
The executive branch consist of the president and the government of Moldova. The president is elected in a national election for a term of four years.
He has broad powers and acts as the head of state and the head of the military, with authority to declare states of military emergency, subject to parliamentary approval.
The president appoints a prime minister, with the consent of parliament. He leads a Council of Ministers that carries out the functions of government. The president must be over 35 years old, a resident in Moldova for at least 10 years, and a speaker of the state language.
The legislative branch consist of a directly elected parliament. The parliament's 104 members are elected from party lists on a proportional representation basis. Parliament sits for four years and has the power to adopt laws, approve the state budget, determine military matters, and exercise certain supervisory powers over the work of the government.
Judicial Branch
Moldova possesses a three-tier judicial system that is independent of the executive and legislative branches, Municipal and district courts are generally courts to the Supreme Court, the highest court in Moldova. There are also specialized courts with jurisdiction over economic and military disputes. A constitutional court, which is independent of other courts, has jurisdiction over all matters relating to the interpretation of the provisions of the Moldova constitution. Judges for the lower courts are appointed by the president for an initial period of five years, They may be reappointed for a subsequent 10 years. Supreme Court judges are appointed by parliament for terms of not less than 15 years.
| 
